Academy or Oscars Award
The Academy Awards,
The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held on May 16, 1929, at
History
The first awards were presented on May 16, 1928, at a private
popularly known as the
Oscars, are presented
annually by the
American Academy of
Motion Picture Arts
and Sciences (AMPAS)
to recognize
excellence of
professionals in the
film industry, including
directors, actors, and
writers. The formal ceremony at which the awards are presented is
one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world. It is also
the oldest award ceremony in the media, and many other award
ceremonies such as the Grammy Awards (for music), Golden Globe
Awards (all forms of media), and Emmy Awards (for television) are
often modeled from the Academy. The Academy of Motion Picture
Arts and Sciences itself was conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
studio boss Louis B. Mayer.
the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood to honor outstanding film
achievements of 1927 and 1928. It was hosted by actor Douglas
Fairbanks and director William C. deMille.
brunch in Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270
people. Since the first year, the awards have been publicly
broadcast, at first by radio then by TV after 1953. During the first
decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11
p.m. on the night of the awards. This method was ruined when the
Los Angeles Times announced the winners before the ceremony
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began; as a result, the Academy has used a sealed envelope to
reveal the name of the winners since 1941. Since 2002, the awards
have been broadcasted from the Kodak Theatre.
Nomination
Since 2004, Academy Award nomination results have been
announced to the public in late January. Prior to 2004, nomination
results were announced publicly in early February.
Voters
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), a
professional honorary organization, maintains a voting
membership of 5,835 as of 2007.
Actors constitute the largest voting bloc, numbering 1,311
members (22 percent) of the Academy's composition. Votes
have been certified by the auditing firm PricewaterhouseCoopers
(and its predecessor Price Waterhouse) for the past 73 annual
awards ceremonies.
All AMPAS members must be invited to join by the Board of
Governors, on behalf of Academy Branch Executive Committees.
Membership eligibility may be achieved by a competitive nomination
or a member may submit a name based on other significant
contribution to the field of motion pictures.
New membership proposals are considered annually. The Academy
does not publicly disclose its membership, although as recently as
2007 press releases have announced the names of those who have
been invited to join. The 2007 release also stated that it has just
fewer than 6,000 voting members. While the membership had been
growing, stricter policies have kept its size steady since then.
Rules
Today, according to Rules 2 and 3 of the official Academy Awards
Rules, a film must open in the previous calendar year, from
midnight at the start of January 1 to midnight at the end of
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December 31, in Los Angeles County, California, to qualify.
Rule 2 states that a film must be "feature-length", defined as a
minimum of 40 minutes, except for short subject awards and it
must exist either on a 35 mm or 70 mm film print or in 24 frame/s
or 48 frame/s progressive scan digital cinema format with native
resolution not less than 1280x720.
The members of the various branches nominate those in their
respective fields while all members may submit nominees for Best
Picture. The winners are then determined by a second round of
voting in which all members are then allowed to vote in most
categories, including Best Picture.
Categories
• Best Actor in a Leading Role
• Best Actor in a Supporting Role
• Best Actress in a Leading Role
• Best Actress in a Supporting Role
• Best Animated Feature
• Best Animated Short Film
• Best Art Direction
• Best Cinematography
• Best Costume Design
• Best Director
• Best Documentary Feature
• Best Documentary Short Subject
• Best Film Editing
• Best Foreign Language Film
• Best Live Action Short Film
• Best Makeup
• Best Original Score
• Best Original Song
• Best Picture
• Best Sound Editing
• Best Sound Mixing
• Best Visual Effects
• Best Writing - Adapted Screenplay
• Best Writing - Original Screenplay
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Emmy Award
The Emmy Award, often referred to simply as the Emmy, is a
television production award, more focused on entertainment, and is
considered the television equivalent to the Academy Awards (for
film), Grammy Awards (for music) and Tony Awards (for stage).
They are presented in various sectors of the television
industry, including entertainment programming, news and
documentary shows, and sports programming. As such, the awards
are presented in various area-specific ceremonies held annually
throughout the year. The best known of these ceremonies are the
Primetime Emmy Awards, honoring excellence in American
primetime television programming (excluding sports), and the
Daytime Emmy Awards, honoring excellence in American daytime
television programming.
Three related but separate organizations present the Emmy
Awards:
• The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS) honors
national prime time entertainment excluding sports;
• The National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
(NATAS) recognizes daytime, sports, news and
documentary programming, and;
• The International Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
honors all programming produced and originally aired
outside the United States.
History
The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
(ATAS) established the Emmy Awards as part of an image-building
and public relations opportunity. The name "Emmy" was chosen as
a feminization of "immy", a nickname used for the image orthicon
tubes that were common in early television cameras. To
complement the name, the statuette was designed to depict a
winged woman holding an atom, which has since become the
symbol of the TV Academy's goal of supporting and uplifting the art
and science of television: The wings represent the muse of art; the
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atom the electron of science.
The first Emmy Awards were presented on January 25, 1949 at the
Hollywood Athletic Club, but solely to honor shows produced and
aired locally in the Los Angeles area. Shirley Dinsdale has the
distinction of receiving the very first Emmy, for Most Outstanding
Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony.
Categories
The Emmys are presented in various area-specific ceremonies held
annually throughout the calendar year, with each having their own
set of nominating and voting processes. Each ceremony also has its
own set of award categories, and it is not uncommon for them to
have some of the same names.
Some of the categories of Emmy awards are:
Primetime Emmys
The Primetime Emmys are presented in recognition of excellence in
American primetime television programming.
Daytime Emmys
The Daytime Emmy Awards are presented in recognition of excellence in
American daytime television programming.
Sports Emmys
The Sports Emmy Awards are presented for excellence in sports
programming.
Technology and Engineering Emmys
Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards are presented to individuals,
companies, or to scientific or technical organizations in recognition for
their significant developments and contributions to the technological and
engineering aspects of television.
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Grammy Award
The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or
Grammys—are presented annually by the National Academy of
Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States for outstanding
achievements in the music industry. The awards ceremony features
performances by prominent artists, and some of the awards of more
popular interest are presented in a widely-viewed televised ceremony.
The awards were established in 1958. The first Grammy Award telecast
took place on the night of November 29, 1959, as an episode of the NBC
anthology series Sunday Showcase. Until 1971, awards ceremonies were
held in both New York and Los Angeles, with winners accepting at one of
the two. Pierre Cossette bought the rights to broadcast the ceremony
from the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences and organized
the first live telecast. CBS bought the rights in 1973 after moving the
ceremony to Nashville, Tennessee; the American Music Awards were
created for ABC as a result.
Categories
The General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre.
• Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the
production team of a full album.
• Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the
production team of a single song.
• Song of the Year is awarded to the writer(s)/composer(s) of a
single song.
• Best New Artist is awarded to a performer who releases, during
the Eligibility Year, the first recording which establishes the
public identity of that artist.
Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres,
as well as for other contributions such as artwork and video. Special
awards are also given out for more long-lasting contributions to the music
industry.
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Tony Award
The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly
known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American
theatre and are presented by the American Theatre Wing and The
Broadway League at an annual ceremony in New York City. The awards
are for Broadway productions and performances, and an award is given
for regional theatre. A discretionary non-competitive Special Tony Award
and the Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre are also given. The awards
are named after Antoinette Perry, co-founder of the American Theatre
Wing.
The rules for the Tony Awards are set forth in the official document "Rules
and Regulations of The American Theatre Wing's Tony Awards". The
Tony Awards are considered the highest U.S. theatre honor, the
U.S. theatre industry's equivalent to the Academy Awards (Oscars) for
motion pictures.
Since 1997, the Tony Awards ceremony has generally been held at Radio
City Music Hall in New York City in June.
History
The award was founded by the American Theatre Wing in 1947 at
the suggestion of a committee of theatrical producers headed by Brock
Pemberton, but it was not until the third awards ceremony in 1949 that
the first Tony medallion was given to award winners.
The first awards ceremony was held on April 6, 1947, at the Waldorf
Astoria hotel in New York City.
Awarded by a panel of approximately 700 judges from various areas of
the entertainment industry and press, the Tony Award is generally
regarded as the theatre's equivalent to the Oscars, for excellence in film;
the Grammys for the music industry, and the Emmys for excellence in
television.
Categories
There are presently 26 categories of awards, plus several special awards.
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Starting with 11 awards in 1947, the names and number of categories
have changed over the years.
• Best Play
• Best Musical
• Best Book of a Musical
• Best Original Score
• Best Revival of a Play
• Best Revival of a Musical
• Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play
• Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play
• Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical
• Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical
• Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play
• Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play
• Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical
• Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical
• Best Direction of a Play
• Best Direction of a Musical
• Best Choreography
• Best Orchestrations
• Best Scenic Design of a Play
• Best Scenic Design of a Musical
• Best Costume Design of a Play
• Best Costume Design of a Musical
• Best Lighting Design of a Play
• Best Lighting Design of a Musical
• Best Sound Design of a Play
• Best Sound Design of a Musical
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